Evaluation of six TPS algorithms in computing entrance and exit doses

Evaluation of six TPS algorithms in computing entrance and exit doses

Entrance and exit doses are commonly measured in in vivo dosimetry for comparison with expected values, usually generated by the treatment planning system (TPS), to verify accuracy of treatment delivery. This report aims to evaluate the accuracy of six TPS algorithms in computing entrance and exit doses for a 6 MV beam. The algorithms tested were: pencil beam convolution (Eclipse PBC), analytic...

evaluation of sadr eminence in safavid period

چکیده: یکی از دوره های مهم تاریخی ایران به لحاظ تأمین استقلال ملی مذهبی و حتی تأثیر آن بر فرهنگ و مذهب ایرانیان، دوره صفویه است. رسمیت دادن و رواج مذهب شیعه توسط شاه اسماعیل اول، یکی از مهمترین اقدامات این دولت محسوب می شود. بنابراین برای اجرای این سیاست، وی منصب صدارت را به عنوان منصبی مذهبی- حکو متی ایجاد کرد .این منصب از دوره ی تیموریان ایجاد شده بود ولی در اواخر این دوره اهمیت بیشتری یافت...

Flow and Pressure Distributions in Short Heat Exchanger Cores with Abrupt Entrance and Exit

The typical installation of a heat exchange device usually involves a flow contraction at the core entrance and a flow expansion at the core exit. Repeated flow Contraction and expansion are experienced in the flow passages of some compact heat exchangers. The latter refers to the flow passages in the plate-fin type with louvered fins or stripped fins and in the tubular type with dimpled-circul...

an investigation into iranian teachers consistency and bias in evaluation of students writings

while performance-based language assessment has led to an increased authenticity and content validity in the practice of writing assessment, the reliability of ratings has become a major issue. research findings have shown different reactions by native english speaker (nes) and non-native english speaker (nns) teachers to students’ writings. the focus of this study is on investigating whether i...

Relation between entrance and exit pupils of telescopic systems.